SAM

The Successive Approximations Model

Welcome to your hands-on journey through the SAM Model of Instructional Design—a dynamic, agile framework that transforms how learning experiences are created. Unlike traditional linear models like ADDIE, SAM (Successive Approximation Model) thrives on rapid prototyping, iterative development, and collaborative feedback. The SAM Model is a flexible instructional design process that emphasizes continuous improvement through three core phases:

  • Preparation Phase: Define goals, gather content, and align with stakeholders.
  • Iterative Design Phase: Create quick prototypes, test ideas, and refine based on feedback.
  • Iterative Development Phase: Build, test, and revise learning solutions in real-time.

This interactive experience breaks down each phase into clickable modules, helping you explore SAM learning strategies, eLearning development tools, and best practices for agile instructional design.

Click through the various phases and tools at your own pace.

Preparation Phase
SAM Preparation Phase

Information Gathering and Analysis

Iterative Design Phase
SAM Iterative Design Phase

SAVVY Start

Project Planning

Additional Design

Iterative Development Phase
SAM Iterative Development Phase

Design Proof

Alpha

Beta

Gold
SAM Release Phase
Preparation Phase - SAM Model

Preparation Phase

Information Gathering and Analysis

Interviews

Learning Management System Analytics

Industry Reports

Competitor Analysis Tools

Job Description Analysis

Skills Gap Analysis Software

Learning Style Assessments

Stakeholder Mapping Tools

Mind Mapping Tools

Surveys

Preparation Phase - SAM Model

Iterative Design Phase

SAVVY Start
Project Planning
Additional Design

Prototype

Storyboarding Software

Wireframing Tools

Prototyping Platforms

Design

Collaborative Design Tools

Visual Design Software

User Persona Creation Tools

Learning Objective Generators

Content Curation Platforms

Microlearning Design Tools

Gamification Design Platforms

Review

Accessibility Checkers

Design Thinking

Surveys

Focus Groups and Interviews

Preparation Phase - SAM Model

Iterative Development Phase

Design Proof
Alpha
Beta
Gold

Develop

eLearning Authoring Tools

Video Production Software

Audio Editing Tools

Virtual Reality Development Platforms

Augmented Reality Tools

Mobile Learning Development Platforms

Code Editors for Custom Web-Based Learning

AI-Powered Content Generation Tools

Collaboration and Version Control Systems

Implement

Learning Management Systems

Content Delivery Networks (CDNs)

Gamification Platforms

Web Conferencing Tools

Mobile Device Management (MDM) Software

Evaluate

Assessment and Quiz Creators

Learning Analytics Platforms

User Feedback Tools

Behavioral Analytics Tools

A/B Testing Tools

Release Phase - SAM Model

Release Phase

The Release phase in the SAM model isn’t merely a conclusion; it’s a strategic launch and a commitment to ongoing optimization. Far from a simple handover, this stage represents the culmination of iterative design and development, where the instructional solution transitions from a carefully crafted prototype to a live, impactful learning experience.

Unlike traditional linear models where release signifies finality, SAM’s Release phase embodies a philosophy of continuous improvement. It acknowledges that true learning effectiveness is best understood and optimized in situ. By strategically releasing, meticulously monitoring, and iteratively refining, the Release phase ensures that the instructional solution doesn’t just exist, but actively evolves to maximize its impact on learner performance and organizational goals. It transforms the act of “delivery” into an ongoing process of discovery and enhancement, solidifying the instructional design’s value and longevity.

Common Challenges and Considerations

While the SAM Model offers exciting advantages, it’s not without its skeptics in the eLearning world. Some instructional designers find the ongoing cycles of review and prototyping a bit unsettling, especially if they’re used to traditional models where you build something once and move on. Others might feel uneasy starting a project without a fully fleshed-out roadmap or polished end-product in mind.
For those more comfortable with clearly defined outcomes and minimal revision, the iterative nature of SAM can seem chaotic or unpredictable. Adapting to frequent feedback loops and shifts in direction may require a mindset shift—and that’s not always an easy ask.
Ultimately, embracing SAM means welcoming a bit of productive messiness in exchange for flexibility and laser-focused learning results.

About SAM

SAM: Supporting Custom-Tailored Learning Experiences
At the heart of the SAM (Successive Approximation Model) approach lies flexibility and responsiveness. Rather than sticking rigidly to a single, initial plan, teams using SAM are encouraged to collect feedback early and often—think interviews, surveys, and learning analytics tools. This feedback loop allows designers to refine and revisit their solutions throughout the process. Instead of treating setbacks as failures, SAM treats each iteration as a stepping stone toward improvement. The timeline is built for brisk adjustments, so whether the feedback suggests a minor tweak or a major pivot, there’s room to respond swiftly. This continual cycle of prototyping, review, and adaptation means training can stay perfectly aligned with your organization’s evolving needs and the unique learning styles of your employees. By the time the program is rolled out, it’s tailored to maximize engagement and effectiveness—never a one-size-fits-all solution.
Why Choose the SAM Model Over Traditional Methods?
The Successive Approximation Model (SAM) offers distinct advantages for eLearning projects that demand agility, creativity, and continuous improvement. Unlike traditional methodologies—think waterfall approaches like ADDIE—that can feel like steering a massive ship (slow to turn and slow to stop), SAM thrives on adaptability and quick iteration. Traditional models often rely on lengthy development cycles and a single, polished solution; once the process starts, it’s not easy to pivot. There’s little room for experimentation, and teams may only identify missed opportunities or flaws after significant time has been invested. SAM, by contrast, encourages rapid prototyping and frequent feedback from subject matter experts, stakeholders, and learners alike. This means:
  • Faster Iterations: Intermediate checkpoints ensure you catch issues early, so you aren’t stuck late in the process.
  • Room for Alternatives: Multiple ideas and prototypes can be tested side-by-side, leading to innovative and unexpected solutions.
  • Emphasis on Feedback: Continuous input from real users makes each stage an opportunity to refine and improve—no need to wait until the end to discover what works.
  • Adaptive Process: If priorities shift or new requirements emerge, it’s easy to revisit and revise previous work without derailing the entire project.
For organizations dealing with rapidly changing content, evolving learner needs, or compressed timelines, SAM’s flexibility and focus on continuous enhancement help ensure the finished product is not just functional, but also engaging and up to date. This dynamic, cycle-driven approach sets the stage for the Release phase, where instructional solutions are strategically launched and optimized in real-world settings.
Continuous Feedback Loops Keep Projects on Track
One of the central advantages of SAM’s iterative approach is its built-in checkpoints. At each stage, subject matter experts, stakeholders, and end-users review the latest version, offering real-time feedback. This ongoing input allows the team to quickly address minor issues, incorporate improvements, and refine course elements—long before anything becomes a bigger (and more expensive) problem. By actively seeking feedback throughout, project teams can detect misalignments early, rather than discovering them late in the game. This reduces the risk of costly rework, project delays, or budget overruns. Instead of ploughing forward with untested assumptions, the project can pivot or tweak designs as new insights come in—helping ensure timelines are met and resources stay under control.